NO DRUG THERAPY IN PRIMARY CARE (ACTIVE OBSERVATION & AUTOINFLATION)
Active observation for 3 months, then reassess hearing. Consider autoinflation (blowing up a balloon through the nostril) in a child old enough to engage with it. Refer for formal hearing assessment when OME is clinically suspected. x 3 months, then reassess
Reassess hearing after 3 months in bilateral OME with hearing loss. In children who are experiencing hearing difficulties that significantly affect day-to-day living, consider intervening earlier than the 3-month reassessment.
Otitis Media With Effusion - StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf NBK538293) - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538293/: "For most children diagnosed with OME, conservative treatment with watchful waiting is recommended within the first 3 months of diagnosis." and "Autoinsufflation involves forcing air from the nose and throat into the middle ear to equalize pressure and promote drainage."
Most glue ear resolves on its own. NG233 replaced CG60 in 2023 and offers no medicine for it - the treatment is time, a hearing test, and referral if it does not settle.
- Do NOT offer antibiotics for OME (NG233 1.5.2).
- Do NOT offer oral or nasal corticosteroids for OME or the hearing loss it causes (NG233 1.5.3).
- Do NOT offer antihistamines, montelukast, mucolytics, PPIs or anti-reflux drugs, or decongestants (NG233 1.5.4).
- Persistent hearing loss past 3 months needs audiometry and ENT assessment - grommets are decided there, not here.
- RED FLAG - An adult with OME on one side only is not a candidate for watchful waiting. Examine the head and neck properly, with nasopharyngoscopy and, where indicated, imaging - the question being malignancy (nasopharyngeal carcinoma above all) or other disease of the nose and nasopharynx.