{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "kind": "condition",
  "id": "leukaemia",
  "name": "Leukaemia",
  "category": "chronic",
  "sources": "Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459149/ · ICPC-3 (WONCA International Classification of Primary Care, 3rd edition) class BD25.02 - condition scope only, no dose · No dose - referral pathway, no medicine given in primary care",
  "review_status": "reviewed",
  "verified_against": "No dose - referral pathway, no medicine given in primary care · Leukaemia - disease-level clinical article (leukaemia-full.txt) · Leukaemia - disease-level clinical article (leukaemia-clinical.txt)",
  "verified_date": "2026-08",
  "treatments": [
    {
      "id": 1112,
      "generic": "No drug therapy in primary care (Referral & Advice)",
      "line": 1,
      "is_adjunct": false,
      "form": null,
      "strength_mg": null,
      "adult_dose": "Diagnosis and treatment (chemotherapy) require urgent haematology referral; a GP recognises the pattern from a full blood count and clinical picture and refers urgently rather than prescribing.",
      "adult_duration": "Refer, with advice",
      "dose_source": "No dose - referral pathway, no medicine given in primary care",
      "rationale": "Diagnosis and treatment (chemotherapy) require urgent haematology referral; a GP recognises the pattern from a full blood count and clinical picture and refers urgently rather than prescribing.",
      "cautions": [
        "RED FLAG - Tumour lysis syndrome (hyperkalaemia, hyperuricaemia, acute renal failure): assess urgently and refer.",
        "RED FLAG - Febrile neutropenia requiring immediate broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic coverage: assess urgently and refer.",
        "RED FLAG - Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis syndrome (dyspnea, confusion, neurological deficits, visual changes): assess urgently and refer.",
        "No medicine is prescribed for this in primary care - this entry is for recognition and referral. Anything given is decided by the service it is referred to.",
        "RED FLAG - Febrile neutropenia in an immunosuppressed patient demands immediate evaluation and broad-spectrum antibiotics.",
        "RED FLAG - Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) causes thrombosis and hemorrhage and is a severe complication of leukemia, especially APL.",
        "RED FLAG - Unexplained bruising or bleeding, pallor and fatigue, recurrent or severe infections, bone pain, hepatosplenomegaly, or a very abnormal white cell count on CBC."
      ],
      "peds_mgkg_low": null,
      "peds_mgkg_high": null,
      "peds_max_mg": null,
      "peds_basis": null,
      "peds_unit": null,
      "peds_note": "Children follow the same pathway: recognise and refer. No primary-care medicine is implied.",
      "peds_min_weight_kg": null,
      "peds_max_weight_kg": null,
      "peds_age_min_months": null,
      "peds_age_max_months": null,
      "peds_age_bands": null,
      "peds_doses": null,
      "brands": [],
      "condition_id": "leukaemia"
    }
  ]
}