{ "schema_version": 1, "kind": "condition", "id": "cryptosporidiosis", "name": "Cryptosporidiosis", "category": "infectious", "sources": "ALINIA (nitazoxanide) US prescribing information, section 2.1 Recommended Dosage, Table 1 (DailyMed SetID e90f98d9-3c9b-4e75-ba18-5517283eadf0) · WHO. The treatment of diarrhoea: a manual for physicians and other senior health workers, 4th rev. Geneva: WHO; 2005 (IRIS 10665/43209), section 4.3.1 and Table 2 · Egyptian National Drug Formulary - GIT medicines 2025 (loperamide monograph)", "review_status": "reviewed", "verified_against": "ALINIA (nitazoxanide) US prescribing information, section 2.1 Recommended Dosage, Table 1 (DailyMed SetID e90f98d9-3c9b-4e75-ba18-5517283eadf0) · WHO. The treatment of diarrhoea: a manual for physicians and other senior health workers, 4th rev. Geneva: WHO; 2005 (IRIS 10665/43209), section 4.3.1 and Table 2 · Cryptosporidiosis - disease-level clinical article (cryptosporidiosis-clinical.txt)", "verified_date": "2026-08", "treatments": [ { "id": 552, "generic": "Nitazoxanide", "line": 1, "is_adjunct": false, "form": "oral.solid", "strength_mg": 500.0, "adult_dose": "500 mg twice daily with food", "adult_duration": "3 days", "dose_source": "ALINIA (nitazoxanide) US prescribing information, section 2.1 Recommended Dosage, Table 1 (DailyMed SetID e90f98d9-3c9b-4e75-ba18-5517283eadf0)", "rationale": "Antiparasitic agent that is first-line therapy for Cryptosporidium in immunocompetent patients; it disrupts an enzyme-dependent energy pathway the parasite depends on to survive.", "cautions": [ "Nitazoxanide is the first-line antiparasitic for Cryptosporidium in immunocompetent hosts.", "Take with food to increase absorption.", "May cause green discoloration of urine and sclera." ], "peds_mgkg_low": null, "peds_mgkg_high": null, "peds_max_mg": null, "peds_basis": null, "peds_unit": null, "peds_note": "1-3 years: 100 mg (5 mL) twice daily; 4-11 years: 200 mg (10 mL) twice daily with food for 3 days", "peds_min_weight_kg": null, "peds_max_weight_kg": null, "peds_age_min_months": null, "peds_age_max_months": null, "peds_age_bands": [ { "label": "1 to 3 years", "age_min_months": 12, "age_max_months": 47, "dose_text": "100 mg (5 mL) twice daily with food, for 3 days" }, { "label": "4 to 11 years", "age_min_months": 48, "age_max_months": 143, "dose_text": "200 mg (10 mL) twice daily with food, for 3 days" } ], "peds_doses": null, "brands": [ { "trade_name": "UNINITAPROZAX 500MG 12 F.C. TAB.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "UNIPHARMA CO. > UNIPHARMA", "price_egp": 16.0, "pack_count": 12, "unit_price": 1.33, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "CRYPTOPER 500MG 30 F.C. TAB.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "EGPI > TAG PHARMA", "price_egp": 56.0, "pack_count": 30, "unit_price": 1.87, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "XEROVIRINC 500MG 18 F.C. TAB.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "MINA PHARM", "price_egp": 42.0, "pack_count": 18, "unit_price": 2.33, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "PARAZOXANIDE 500 MG 18 CAP.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "MISR > PHARMACARE", "price_egp": 63.0, "pack_count": 18, "unit_price": 3.5, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "TRUSTNAL 500 MG 10 F.C. TABS.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "ADWIA", "price_egp": 40.0, "pack_count": 10, "unit_price": 4.0, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "NIT CLEAN 500MG 12 F.C. TABS.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "WESTERN PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRIES > WESTERN PHARMA", "price_egp": 72.0, "pack_count": 12, "unit_price": 6.0, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "CRYPTONAZ 500MG 12 F.C.TAB.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "COPAD PHARMA", "price_egp": 82.0, "pack_count": 12, "unit_price": 6.83, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "NIT CLEAN 500MG 5*6 F.C. TABS.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "WESTERN PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRIES > WESTERN PHARMA", "price_egp": 180.0, "pack_count": 6, "unit_price": 30.0, "strength_mg": 500.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "UNINITAPROZAX 100MG/5ML SUSP. 60ML", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "UNIPHARMA CO. > UNIPHARMA", "price_egp": 6.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": 100.0, "exact_strength": false, "exact_form": false, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "ZOLIFUTAL 100MG/5ML SUSP. 60 ML", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "FUTURE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES (FPI)", "price_egp": 13.5, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": 100.0, "exact_strength": false, "exact_form": false, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null } ], "condition_id": "cryptosporidiosis" }, { "id": 554, "generic": "Referral & safety-netting (no drug therapy)", "line": 1, "is_adjunct": false, "form": null, "strength_mg": null, "adult_dose": null, "adult_duration": null, "dose_source": "Cryptosporidiosis - disease-level clinical article (cryptosporidiosis-clinical.txt)", "rationale": "Carries the referral criteria and warning signs for this condition, which apply whichever treatment is chosen.", "cautions": [ "RED FLAG - The criteria for evaluation are severe symptoms, immunosuppression, or illness lasting longer than 2 weeks." ], "peds_mgkg_low": null, "peds_mgkg_high": null, "peds_max_mg": null, "peds_basis": null, "peds_unit": null, "peds_note": null, "peds_min_weight_kg": null, "peds_max_weight_kg": null, "peds_age_min_months": null, "peds_age_max_months": null, "peds_age_bands": null, "peds_doses": null, "brands": [], "condition_id": "cryptosporidiosis" }, { "id": 553, "generic": "ORS", "line": 1, "is_adjunct": true, "form": "oral.liquid", "strength_mg": null, "adult_dose": "Make the sachet up to the volume printed on the pack - a WHO/UNICEF standard sachet makes 1 litre, and using less water than the label says makes the solution dangerously concentrated. Egypt also sells ready-mixed 240-360 mL packs, which need no dilution. Drink after each loose stool.", "adult_duration": "until diarrhoea resolves", "dose_source": "WHO. The treatment of diarrhoea: a manual for physicians and other senior health workers, 4th rev. Geneva: WHO; 2005 (IRIS 10665/43209), section 4.3.1 and Table 2", "rationale": "Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is essential supportive therapy for fluid loss.", "cautions": [ "Never make the solution up in less water than the pack states. A five-fold concentrated ORS given to a dehydrated patient causes hypernatraemia, and an infant is the one least able to survive it.", "Oral rehydration is primary life-saving measure against dehydration.", "In immunocompromised (HIV/AIDS), cryptosporidiosis can be chronic and severe; refer urgently.", "Ensure clean drinking water supply to prevent reinfection.", "Sachets are far cheaper than the ready-made syrups - GLUCOHYDRAN and REHYDRAN N are under 5 EGP for ten." ], "peds_mgkg_low": null, "peds_mgkg_high": null, "peds_max_mg": null, "peds_basis": null, "peds_unit": null, "peds_note": "Some dehydration (WHO Plan B): give the child's weight in kg x 75 mL of ORS solution in the first 4 hours, then reassess. Add replacement for ongoing losses. (50-100 mL/kg is WHO's estimate of the fluid DEFICIT at this level of dehydration, not the volume to give.)", "peds_min_weight_kg": null, "peds_max_weight_kg": null, "peds_age_min_months": null, "peds_age_max_months": null, "peds_age_bands": null, "peds_doses": null, "brands": [ { "trade_name": "GLUCOHYDRAN 10 SACHET.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "ARAB DRUG COMPANY (ADCO)", "price_egp": 1.75, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "REHYDRAN N 10 SACHET", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "CID", "price_egp": 4.5, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "REHYDRO ZINC 10 SACHETS", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "CID", "price_egp": 7.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "ORS 20 SACHETS", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "PHAROPHARMA", "price_egp": 40.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "ELECTRO MASH SYRUP 200 ML", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "MASH PREMIERE", "price_egp": 60.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "FLEXOLYTE ORAL REHYDRATION SOL. 240 ML", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "KEMPETRO FOR CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES", "price_egp": 65.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "HERO ORS 200 ML", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "HERO > HERO MEA TRADING", "price_egp": 120.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "SANSO ORS SYRUP 140 ML", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "AUG PHARMA", "price_egp": 400.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": null, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null } ], "condition_id": "cryptosporidiosis" }, { "id": 555, "generic": "Loperamide", "line": 1, "is_adjunct": true, "form": "oral.solid", "strength_mg": 2.0, "adult_dose": "4 mg once, then 2 mg after each loose stool; not more than 12 to 16 mg in a day", "adult_duration": "Stop as soon as the stools firm up; the patient should see a doctor if there is no improvement within 48 hours", "dose_source": "Egyptian National Drug Formulary - GIT medicines 2025 (loperamide monograph) - verbatim: \"Initial dose: 4 mg, followed by 2 mg after each loose stool.\"", "rationale": "Cryptosporidial diarrhoea is treated mainly with fluids and nitazoxanide; loperamide is added purely to reduce stool frequency in mild to moderate illness while the rest of the treatment works.", "cautions": [ "Do not give it when there is blood in the stool with fever - that is dysentery, and slowing the bowel there is dangerous.", "It does not clear the parasite and helps little in severe or prolonged disease, which in practice means the immunosuppressed patient.", "Fluid and electrolyte replacement stays the main treatment; loperamide must not be used as a reason to withhold oral rehydration.", "Stop it and reassess if there is abdominal pain without diarrhoea, or any abdominal distension." ], "peds_mgkg_low": null, "peds_mgkg_high": null, "peds_max_mg": null, "peds_basis": null, "peds_unit": null, "peds_note": "Contraindicated under 2 years. The formulary's indication is 12 years and over, yet its own paediatric table gives 6 to 8 years (20 to 30 kg) 2 mg twice a day and 8 to 12 years (over 30 kg) 2 mg three times a day, then 1 mg per 10 kg after each further loose stool - the monograph contradicts itself, so under 12 it is a doctor's decision.", "peds_min_weight_kg": null, "peds_max_weight_kg": null, "peds_age_min_months": null, "peds_age_max_months": null, "peds_age_bands": null, "peds_doses": null, "brands": [ { "trade_name": "MOTIJUST 2 MG 30 CAPS", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "INTERNATIONAL DRUG INDUSTRIES > NOVELL PHARMA", "price_egp": 27.0, "pack_count": 30, "unit_price": 0.9, "strength_mg": 2.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "STOPRRHEA 2 MG 10 ORODISPERSIBLE TABS.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "WESTERN PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRIES > WESTERN PHARMA", "price_egp": 10.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": 2.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "IMODIUM INSTANT 2MG 6 ORODISPERSIBLE TABS.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "MCNEIL PRODUCTS LTD. > JOHNSON & JOHNSON SCIENTIFIC OFFICE", "price_egp": 80.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": 2.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null }, { "trade_name": "STOPRRHEA 2 MG 30 ORODISPERSIBLE TABS.", "scientific_name": null, "normalized_ingredient": null, "manufacturer": "WESTERN PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRIES > WESTERN PHARMA", "price_egp": 96.0, "pack_count": null, "unit_price": null, "strength_mg": 2.0, "exact_strength": true, "exact_form": true, "discontinued": false, "also_contains": null } ], "condition_id": "cryptosporidiosis" } ] }